Insights · Essay 02
Executive analysis
What happens at the moment of commitment
On February 21, 2025, a compromised transaction entered Bybit's trusted, multisig-approved workflow and executed. $1.4 billion in Ethereum became irreversible within minutes.
Without Authority Control
✓Identity verified
✓Approval valid
✓Access granted
✓Approval valid
✓Access granted
▼
Transaction executes
No authority check at the point of commitment
▼
$1.4B
committed · irreversible
With Authority Control
✓Identity verified
✓Approval valid
✓Access granted
✓Approval valid
✓Access granted
▼
Authority evaluated at boundary
Outside verified scope · stopped
▼
$0
authorized
commitment boundary
Same identity. Same approval. Different outcome.